1 Kings 11:5

Authorized King James Version

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For Solomon went after Ashtoreth the goddess of the Zidonians, and after Milcom the abomination of the Ammonites.

Original Language Analysis

וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ H1980
וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ
Strong's: H1980
Word #: 1 of 10
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה For Solomon H8010
שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה For Solomon
Strong's: H8010
Word #: 2 of 10
shelomah, david's successor
וְאַֽחֲרֵ֣י after H310
וְאַֽחֲרֵ֣י after
Strong's: H310
Word #: 3 of 10
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
עַשְׁתֹּ֔רֶת Ashtoreth H6253
עַשְׁתֹּ֔רֶת Ashtoreth
Strong's: H6253
Word #: 4 of 10
ashtoreth, the phoenician goddess of love (and increase)
אֱלֹהֵ֖י the goddess H430
אֱלֹהֵ֖י the goddess
Strong's: H430
Word #: 5 of 10
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
צִֽדֹנִ֑ים of the Zidonians H6722
צִֽדֹנִ֑ים of the Zidonians
Strong's: H6722
Word #: 6 of 10
a tsidonian or inhabitant of tsidon
וְאַֽחֲרֵ֣י after H310
וְאַֽחֲרֵ֣י after
Strong's: H310
Word #: 7 of 10
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
מִלְכֹּ֔ם Milcom H4445
מִלְכֹּ֔ם Milcom
Strong's: H4445
Word #: 8 of 10
milcom, the national idol of the ammonites
שִׁקֻּ֖ץ the abomination H8251
שִׁקֻּ֖ץ the abomination
Strong's: H8251
Word #: 9 of 10
disgusting, i.e., filthy; especially idolatrous or (concretely) an idol
עַמֹּנִֽים׃ of the Ammonites H5984
עַמֹּנִֽים׃ of the Ammonites
Strong's: H5984
Word #: 10 of 10
an ammonite or (the adjective) ammonitish

Analysis & Commentary

For Solomon went after Ashtoreth the goddess of the Zidonians, and after Milcom the abomination of the Ammonites.

This verse contributes to the broader narrative of solomon's apostasy and death, within the book's focus on Solomon's wisdom, temple building, and tragic apostasy.

The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.

Historical Context

First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. Solomon's reign (c. 970-930 BCE) represented Israel's golden age of peace and prosperity.

Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.

Questions for Reflection

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